ABSTRACT
En la costa sudoeste bonaerense uno de los principales desafíos para el turismo es el tratamiento y la prevención de envenenamientos por medusas. Hasta el momento se conocen tres especies de medusas urticantes que arriban a la costa: Chrysaora lactea, Liriope tetraphylla y Olindias sambaquiensis. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: calcular los parámetros poblacionales de las medusas urticantes, efectuar el diagnóstico diferencial de los síntomas causados por envenenamiento, analizar el número de afectados en relación a la abundancia de medusas urticantes, evaluar la elección diferencial del centro de atención primaria elegido por los afectados y confeccionar un algoritmo diagnóstico. El número de medusas urticantes en el año 2016 fue cinco veces mayor que en 2017. Liriope tetraphylla registró las mayores abundancias promedio, frecuencias y dominancias relativas. En 2016 coincidió su mayor abundancia con el mayor porcentaje de afectados. En 2016 se registraron 69 casos totales de envenenamiento y en 2017 se identificaron 79 casos. En 2017 el porcentaje de personas afectadas por O. sambaquiensis no presentó una correlación con la abundancia promedio de esta especie. Liriope tetraphylla causó lesiones eritematomaculo-papulares acompañadas de prurito sin dolor, C. lactea provocó lesiones eritemato-vesiculosas de dolor moderado y O. sambaquiensis lesiones eritemato-edematosas lineales de dolor intenso con hiperpigmentación residual. No existe tratamiento específico para el envenenamiento, la terapéutica diferencial es sintomática. Las primeras acciones son comunes para las tres especies: lavar con solución fisiológica o agua de mar limpia y aplicar compresas frías.
On the Southwest coast of Buenos Aires Province one of the main challenges for tourism is the treatment and prevention of poisoning by jellyfish. So far, three species of venomous jellyfish arriving to the coast have been identified: Chrysaora lactea, Liriope tetraphylla, and Olindias sambaquiensis. The objectives of this study were: to calculate the population parameters of the venomous jellyfish, to carry out a differential diagnosis of the symptoms caused by poisoning, to analyze the number of individuals affected in relation to the abundance of this jellyfish, to evaluate which primary care centers are chosen by those affected, and to develop a diagnostic algorithm. The number of venomous jellyfish in 2016 was five times higher than in 2017. The highest average abundance, frequency, and relative dominance were recorded for L. tetraphylla. In 2016, its greatest abundance coincided with the highest percentage of people affected by this species. A total of 69 confirmed cases of poisoning caused by the three species were recorded in 2016 and 79 cases in 2017. In 2017, the percentage of people affected by O. sambaquiensis was not correlated with the average abundance of this species. Liriope tetraphylla caused erythematous-maculopapular lesions accompanied by painless pruritus; C. lactea caused erythematous-vesicular lesions of moderate pain and O. sambaquiensis caused linear erythematous-edematous lesions with severe pain and residual hyperpigmentation. At present, there is no specific treatment for poisoning, the differential therapy is symptomatic. The recommended actions are common for all three species: wash the skin with physiological solution or clean sea water and apply cold compresses.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cnidarian Venoms , Poisoning , EcoepidemiologyABSTRACT
Although the hydrozoan Olindias sambaquiensis is the most common jellyfish associated with human envenomation in southeastern and southern Brazil, information about the composition of its venom is rare. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze pharmacological aspects of O. sambaquiensis venom as well as clinical manifestations observed in affected patients. Crude protein extracts were prepared from the tentacles of animals; peptides and proteins were sequenced and submitted to circular dichroism spectroscopy. Creatine kinase, cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity were evaluated by specific methods.
Subject(s)
Animals , Anemia, Hemolytic , Cytotoxins/analysis , Poisoning , Cnidarian Venoms/analysisABSTRACT
Although the hydrozoan Olindias sambaquiensis is the most common jellyfish associated with human envenomation in southeastern and southern Brazil, information about the composition of its venom is rare. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze pharmacological aspects of O. sambaquiensis venom as well as clinical manifestations observed in affected patients. Crude protein extracts were prepared from the tentacles of animals; peptides and proteins were sequenced and submitted to circular dichroism spectroscopy. Creatine kinase, cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity were evaluated by specific methods.